ABSTRACT
Background: woman's orgasm plays a vital role in sexual compatibility and marital satisfaction. Orgasm in women is a learnable phenomenon that is influenced by several factors
Objective: the aim of this study is exploring obstacles to orgasm in Iranian married women
Materials and Methods: this qualitative study with directed content analysis approach was conducted in 2015-2016, on 20 Iranian married women who were individually interviewed at two medical clinics in Tehran, Iran
Results: orgasm obstacles were explored in one category, 4 subcategories, and 25 codes. The main category was "Multidimensionality of women's orgasm obstacles". Subcategories and some codes included: Physical obstacles [wife's or husband's boredom, vaginal infection, insufficient vaginal lubrication], psychological obstacles [lack of sexual knowledge, shame, lack of concentration on sex due to household and children problems], relational obstacles [husband's hurry, having a dispute and annoyance with spouse] and contextual obstacles [Irregular sleep hours, lack of privacy and inability to separate children's bedroom from their parents, lack of peace at home]
Conclusion: for prevention or treatment of female orgasm disorders, attention to physical factors is not enough. Obtaining a comprehensive history about physical, psychological, relational and contextual dimensions of woman's life is necessary
ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden of celiac disease [CD] in Iran
Background: The assessment of burden of CD has become an important primary or secondary outcome measure in clinical and epidemiologic studies
Methods: Information regarding medical costs and gluten free diet [GFD] costs were gathered using questionnaire and checklists offered to the selected patients with CD. The data included the direct medical cost [including Doctor Visit, hospitalization, clinical test examinations, endoscopies, etc.], GFD cost and loss productivity cost [as the indirect cost] for CD patient were estimated. The factors used for cost estimation included frequency of health resource utilization and gluten free diet basket. Purchasing Power Parity Dollar [PPP dollars] was used in order to make inter-country comparisons
Results: Total of 213 celiac patients entered to this study. The mean [standard deviation] of total cost per patient per year was 3377 [1853] PPP dollars. This total cost including direct medical cost, GFD costs and loss productivity cost per patients per year. Also the mean and standard deviation of medical cost and GFD cost were 195 [128] PPP dollars and 932 [734] PPP dollars respectively. The total costs of CD were significantly higher for male. Also GFD cost and total cost were higher for unmarried patients
Conclusion: In conclusion, our estimation of CD economic burden is indicating that CD patients face substantial expense that might not be affordable for a good number of these patients. The estimated economic burden may put these patients at high risk for dietary neglect resulting in increasing the risk of long term complications
ABSTRACT
Background: colorectal cancer is one of the important causes of death due to cancer worldwide. Survival time in this cancer should be controlled to decrease the risk of mortality. In this study survival time and factors that could affect it are evaluated
Materials and Methods: in the present study, the files of 446 patients afflicted with colorectal cancer who had referred to Taleghani Hospital, Tehran from 1985 to 2013 were chosen as the study group. The exponential model was used here, for the purpose of investigating the survival of patients with colorectal cancer and finding proper variables affecting this survival and longevity
Results: in this study, the subjects had the mean [standard deviation] survival time 4.52 [0.182] year. The patients' age at the time of diagnosis [P=0.002] and tumor size [P=0.032] were the only significant variables affecting the survival of patients in the exponential model. Sex, the family history of colorectal cancer, the tumor site, and body mass index had no significant effect on the survival time of the patients with colorectal cancer
Conclusions: the results of the study show that to improve the survival chance of the patients with colorectal cancer or decrease the mortality rate, due attention should be paid to the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis